ubuntu下apache2替换成nginx的方法
ubuntu下apache2实在太占内存，把它替换成nginx+php-fpm模式，节省很多内存，也支持http2。
一、网站证书先下载成nginx证书。
二、网站的伪静态文件.htaccess全部换成nginx的conf配置文件。
三、提前写好nginx的网站配置文件重装好了直接放进去，就比较快，不会导致网站长期打不开。
四、正式进入替换步骤：
1，卸载apache2。
运行
apt remove apache2
卸载掉apache2，执行后再执行
apt autoremove
移除相关的不用的插件。
2，安装nginx和php-fpm
运行
apt install nginx
安装好nginx.
运行
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php sudo apt update
添加和更新php源，然后运行
apt install php7.4 php7.4-fpm php7.4-dev php7.4-mysql php7.4-mysqli php7.4-curl php7.4-json php7.4-mbstring php7.4-xml php7.4-intl php7.4-yaml php7.4-zip
把php和php-fpm和php所需的一些插件全部安装上。
五、更改nginx的日志目录权限为www-data
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/log/nginx
六、配置一下nginx日志按天存放
vi /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
里面内容配置成
/var/log/nginx/*.log {
daily
missingok
rotate 14
compress
delaycompress
dateext
notifempty
create 0640 www-data adm #日志的目录的权限和用户
sharedscripts
olddir /var/log/nginx
prerotate
if [ -d /etc/logrotate.d/httpd-prerotate ]; then \
run-parts /etc/logrotate.d/httpd-prerotate; \
fi \
endscript
postrotate
find /var/log/nginx -name "*.log-*" -type f -mtime +14 -exec rm -f {} \; #14填删除一下日志
invoke-rc.d nginx rotate >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ -f /run/nginx.pid ]; then
kill -USR1 `cat /run/nginx.pid` # 通过USER1信号通知nginx重新打开日志文件
fi
endscript
}七、配置一下nginx的总配置文件，主要设置网站目录
vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
里面设置参考：
user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events {
worker_connections 51200;
multi_accept on;
}
http {
##
# Basic Settings
##
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
# server_tokens off;
# server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
# server_name_in_redirect off;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '"$http_x_forwarded_for"-$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" ';
##
# SSL Settings
##
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
##
# Logging Settings
##
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
##
# Gzip Settings
##
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
# gzip_vary on;
# gzip_proxied any;
# gzip_comp_level 6;
# gzip_buffers 16 8k;
# gzip_http_version 1.1;
# gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
##
# Virtual Host Configs
##
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
include /data/siteconf/*.conf; #这里放网站配置文件的目录，自己写
}
#mail {
# # See sample authentication script at:
# # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
#
# # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
# # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
# # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
#
# server {
# listen localhost:110;
# protocol pop3;
# proxy on;
# }
#
# server {
# listen localhost:143;
# protocol imap;
# proxy on;
# }
#}附PHP调优：
/etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini里面
memory_limit = 128M 根据内存大小配置，一般我是配置内存的一半。 memory_limit = 1024M user_agent=”Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/120.0.0.0“
/etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf里面
listen.backlog = 8192 pm.max_children = 120 pm.start_servers = 10 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 20 pm.max_requests = 500
